| bg |
To send a suspended job to the background |
| cat |
Type a file to the screen (see also more and less) |
| cat |
To append files together (cat file1 file2 file3 > newfile) |
| cd |
Change directory (cd subdirectory) |
| chmod |
To change the permissions or protection on a file, to allow everyone to read a file (chmod a+r somefile) |
| clear |
clear the terminal screen |
| cp filename1 filename2 |
create a copy of a file called filename1 and call the copy filename2 |
| cp filename directoryName |
copy the file filename into a directory called directoryName |
| cp –R dirName1 dirName2 |
copy a whole directory called dirName1 and its contents into another directory called dirName2. |
| df –k or df -m |
Filesystem information including space usage |
| emacs |
A text editor, more powerful than pico, but more complex. |
| exit |
Exit the current terminal |
| fg |
Brings a suspended or background job to the foreground |
| finger username |
To find more information about a user or users on the system |
| kghostview |
A command for viewing postscript formatted files |
| grep |
Search for the occurrence of a pattern |
| history |
List previous commands you have entered |
| jobs |
Lists any suspended or background processes that have running. See also ps and pgrep |
| kill pid |
Kill a process that is running where pid is the process id number |
| last |
Info about who has logged onto the machine recently |
| less |
Type a file to the screen one page at a time (press q to quit, spacebar for next page, b to go back a page) |
| ls |
List the files in your directory |
| ls –l |
List the files in your directory but with “longer” information |
| man command |
For help about UNIX command command |
| man -k keyword |
Lists all UNIX commands that mention the word “keyword” |
| mkdir dirName |
Make a directory |
| more filename |
Type a file to the screen a page at a time (press q to quit, spacebar for next page). |
| mv file1 dirName |
Move a file called file into a directory called dirName |
| mv file1 file2 |
Rename file1 and call it file2 |
| nano |
A basic text editor |
| nedit |
A nicer text editor |
| passwd |
Change your password |
| pgrep pattern |
Find process names that contain the pattern. See also ps |
| pkill processname |
Kill a running process using the process name. See also ps, pgrep and kill |
| pwd |
Print the full path of your current directory |
| ps –u |
List your current processes |
| ps –aux |
List all processes on the machine. See also top |
| rm filename |
Delete a file |
| rm –rf dirName |
Delete a directory and all its contents |
| rmdir |
Delete an empty directory |
| top |
List the processes running that are using the most CPU |
| touch filename |
Create an empty file |
| who |
To list users currently logged on |
| wget (url) |
Download from a url |
| Cntrl-c |
Stop a process |
| Cntrl-z |
Suspend a process, see also jobs, fg and bg |